nt to negotiate compensation packages that may include a lower salary but with greater healthcare benefits。 However； it may take real and fruitful planning to find the right solution to the early retirement of older experienced workers； any measures taken must be allowed to prolong the serviceability of older experienced workers。
31。According to Hudson Institute researchers； the effect of the early retirement of qualified workers in the U。S。 economy is
＇A＇ constructive。 ＇B＇ significant。 ＇C＇ inconclusive。 ＇D＇ detrimental。
32。The older experienced workers in America tend to retire early because their prolonged service may
＇A＇ do harm to younger generations。 ＇B＇ end up with few or no benefits。
＇C＇ give play to their potentials。 ＇D＇ shed light on social trends。
33。The second paragraph is written chiefly to show that
＇A＇ there will be an acute labor shortage in the near future。
＇B＇ baby…boomers contribute much to the US economic output。
＇C＇ government policies concerning older people are out…dated。
＇D＇ older workers are enthusiastic about collecting social benefits。
34。When mentioning “the ongoing stock market on Wall Street”； the writer
＇A＇ is calling attention to the privileges to which baby…boomers are entitled。
＇B＇ is calling for the government to take countermeasures against labor shortage。
＇C＇ is refuting a notion about experienced workers’ early retirement。
＇D＇ is justifying the ineffectiveness of federal tax and benefit policies。
35。Towards the issue； what the writer is most concerned about will be
＇A＇ to advocate radically reforming government policies。
＇B＇ to take into account the benefits upon retirement。
＇C＇ to put in practice what Hudson researchers believe in。
＇D＇ to prolong the practicability of older experienced employees。
Text 4
The history of responses to the work of the artist Sandro Botticelli （1444—1510） suggests that widespread appreciation by critics is a relatively recent phenomenon。 Writing in 1550； Vasari expressed an unease with Botticelli’s work； admitting that the artist fitted awkwardly into his evolutionary scheme of the history of art。 Over the next two centuries； academic art historians defamed Botticelli in favor of his fellows Florentine； Michelangelo。 Even when antiacademic art historians of the early nineteenth century rejected many of the standards of evaluation adopted by their predecessors； Botticelli’s work remained outside of accepted taste； pleasing neither amateur observers nor connoisseurs。 （Many of his best paintings； however； remained hidden away in obscure churches and private homes。）
The primary reason for Botticelli’s unpopularity is not difficult to understand： most observers； up until the mid…nineteenth century； did not consider him to be noteworthy； because his work； for the most part； did not seem to these observers to exhibit the traditional characteristics of fifteenth…century Florentine art。 For example； Botticelli rarely employed the technique of strict perspective and； unlike Michelangelo； never used chiaroscuro。
Another reason for Botticelli’s unpopularity may have been that his attitude toward the style of classical art was very different from that of his contemporaries。 Although he was thoroughly exposed to classical art； he showed little interest in borrowing from the classical style。 Indeed； it is paradoxical that a painter of large…scale classical subjects adopted a style that was only slightly similar to that of classical art。
In any case； when viewers began to examine more closely the relationship of Botticelli’s work to the tradition of fifteenthcentury Florentine art； his reputation began to grow。 Analyses and assessments of Botticelli made between 1850 and 1870 by the artists of the Pre…Raphaelite movement； as well as by the writer Pater （although he； unfortunately； based his assessment on an incorrect analysis of Botticelli’s personality）； inspired a new appreciation of Botticelli throughout the English…speaking world。 Yet Botticelli’s work； especially the Sistine frescoes； did not generate worldwide attention until it was finally subjected to a comprehensive and scrupulous analysis by Home in 1908。 Home rightly demonstrated that the frescoes shared important features with paintings by other fifteenth…century Florentines — features such as skillful representation of anatomical proportions； and of the human figure in motion。 However； Home argued that Botticelli did not treat these qualities as ends in themselves — rather； that he emphasized clear depletion of a story； a unique achievement and one that made the traditional Florentine qualities less central。 Because of Home’s emphasis crucial to any study of art； the twentieth century has come to appreciate Botticelli’s achievements。
36。Which of the following would be the best title for the text？
＇A＇ The Role of Standard Art Analyses and Appraisals。
＇B＇ Sandro Botticelli： From Rejection to Appreciation。
＇C＇ The History of Critics’ Responses to Art Works。
＇D＇ Botticelli and Florentine： A Comparative Study。
37。We can learn from the text that art critics have a history of
＇A＇ suppressing painters’ art initiatives。＇B＇ favoring a Botticelli’s best paintings。
＇C＇ rejecting traditional art characteristics。＇D＇ undervaluing Botticelli’s achievements。
38。The views of Vasari and Home on Botticelli’s products are
＇A＇ identical。 ＇B＇ complementary。 ＇C＇ opposite。 ＇D＇ similar。
39。The word “connoisseurs” （Paragraph 1） most probably means
＇A＇ representatives in the Pre…Raphaelite Movement。
＇B＇ people who are in favor of Florentine。
＇C＇ critics who are likely to make assessments。
＇D＇ conservatives clinging to classical art。
40。What does the author think of Botticelli’s representation skills？
＇A＇ They are to be fully appreciated。＇B＇ They evolve from an uncertain source。
＇C＇ They underlie his personality。＇D＇ They conform to the classical style。
Part B
本部分内容请参见 Part B（一）
Part C
Directions： Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese。 Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2。 （10 points）
All U。S。 nuclear weapons production facilities are presently closed down； and if the various agreements are adhered to； those facilities will never be required except for one critical capability。 All modern nuclear weapons use uranium （铀）； plutonium（钚）； and tritium（氚）。 Uranium and plutonium have very long half…lives； and there is large surplus of these materials。
Tritium； however； has a relatively short half…life of about 12。6 years； so about 5 percent of the amount on hand must be replaced each year to maintain the current inventory。 （46） Because of the large retirement of nuclear weapons by the United States in compliance with early agreements and national policy； tritium from retired weapons has been used to make up that lost through natural deca