(你一定是坎比。)
他居然还说:
Of course。 Yes; of course; but why I haven’t thought of it?
(当然,我当然是坎比,可我怎么没想到呢?)
还有,Humbug这个名字的翻译也让人费脑筋。Humbug其实是一只大甲虫,英语里bug的意思就是甲虫,臭虫,humbug还有骗子的意思。可是,为了让它有一点人性化的味道,我就把它音译成“哈姆巴格”,这也因为哈姆巴格常常表现出一种绅士风度,它戴着礼帽,拄着手杖,说话有时也很斯文,俨然是一位绅士。所以叫他哈姆巴格先生也许更有意思。
书里还有两位美丽的公主,Princess of Pure Reason和Princess of Sweet Rhyme,我把她们分别译成“真理公主”和“音韵公主”,虽然从字面上看,pure和sweet 没有翻译出来,但是“真理”和“音韵”这两个词已经充分地表达了pure和sweet的意义,如果硬要加上“纯洁”和“甜蜜”这两个字,反而觉得累赘,也不符合少年儿童的阅读特点。我觉得,在儿童文学作品中,一定要把那些拟人化的“人物”的名字翻译好,让人们觉得亲切,可爱,就像自己的朋友一样。
在翻译《小米勒旅行记》的时候,经常会遇到双关语或者谐音词,这是最让人感到困惑的。比如,小米勒和大脏鸟的一段对话就很难译:
小米勒,哈姆巴格和咔答在途中遇到了一只邋遢的大脏鸟,大脏鸟站在一块岩石上,看上去就像一个脏地板拖。它有一个尖利的嘴巴,还用一只恶毒的眼睛紧紧地向下盯着小米勒他们。
I can hardly see a thing; said Milo; taking hold of Tock's tail as a sticky mist engulfed the moon。 Perhaps we should wait until morning。
They'll be mourning for you soon enough; came a reply from directly above; and this was followed by a hideous cackling laugh very much like someone choking on a fishbone。
(我简直什么也看不见啊。小米勒说。他紧紧地抓着咔答的尾巴,好像有一片浓密的云吞没了月亮。也许我们得捱到早晨再走。
他们很快就要来为你们哀悼啦。这时,从头顶上传来一个声音,接着是让人恐怖的“咯咯”的笑声,好像有人卡了鱼骨头打嗝一样。)
第一部分:怎样说英语小米勒的故事(5)
I don't think you understand; said Milo timidly as the watchdog growled a warning。 We're looking for a place to spend the night。
It's not yours to spend; the bird shrieked again; and followed it with the same horrible laugh。
That doesn't make any sense; you see… he started to explain。
Dollars or cents; it's still not yours to spend; the bird replied haughtily。
(我以为你听不懂我的话呢。小米勒胆怯地说,我们想找一个地方过夜。咔答也“汪汪”地吠叫着警告。
这儿没有地方给你们过夜。大脏鸟又尖叫起来,接着又发出恐怖的笑声。
你这样是没有道理的,你知道——小米勒开始解释。
白天和黑夜,都不是你们过的。大脏鸟傲慢地回答。)
But I didn't mean… insisted Milo。
Of course you're mean; interrupted the bird; closing the eye that had been open and opening the one that had been closed。 Anyone who'd spend a night that doesn't belong to him is very mean。
Well; I thought that by… he tried again desperately。
That's a different story; interjected the bird a bit more amiably。 If you want to buy; I'm sure I can arrange to sell; but with what you're doing you'll probably end up in a cell anyway。
(可我不是……小米勒坚持说。
当然是你的不是。大脏鸟打断他的话,它闭上那只一直睁着的眼睛,睁开那只一直闭着的眼睛。谁要是想过一个不属于他的夜就是他的不是。
哦,我们是想去那个——小米勒又绝望地说。
那个地方不是你们去的。大脏鸟稍微和蔼一点地突然插进来说。如果你们想去,我肯定可以放你们走,可是你们也许只能走到死胡同里去。)
That doesn't seem right; said Milo helplessly; for; with the bird taking everything the wrong way; he hardly knew what he was saying。
Agreed; said the bird; with a sharp click of his beak; but neither is it left; although if I were you I would have left a long time ago。
Let me try once more; he said in an effort to explain。 In other words…
You mean you have other words? Cried the bird happily。 Well; by all means; use them。 You're certainly not doing very well with the ones you have now。
(那可不行。小米勒无可奈何地说,因为大脏鸟把一切都搞错了,它根本不知道他说的是什么。
不行也得行。大脏鸟的尖嘴巴“咯嗒”了一声。假如我是你的话,我早就行了。
我再来试一次吧。小米勒鼓起勇气解释。换句话说——
你说你要换句话?大脏鸟得意地叫道。好吧,不管怎么样,那就换换吧。你现有的那些词你肯定是没用好。)
morning和mourning,是两个同音词,但是意义却不同。大脏鸟总是故意打岔,混淆这两个词的概念,这就给翻译出了难题,因为morning (早晨)和mourning(哀悼)在这里无法翻译出对应的中文,我就把“捱到”和“哀悼”译成对应的词,尽量体现谐音的趣味性。
另一个类似的难题是,大脏鸟故意把spend的“度过”、“花费”这两个意思混淆起来,它把spend the night(过夜)故意打岔说成spend dollars and cents (花钱)。在这里我没有照字面意思译,而是把dollars and cents 翻译成了“白天和黑夜”,这样,就把小米勒说的“找个地方过夜”过渡到大脏鸟的“白天和黑夜,都不是你们过的”,让上下文合理地衔接起来。
接着,小米勒说“But I didn't mean——”,大脏鸟又打岔说,“Of course you're mean”,小米勒说的mean是“我是说,我的意思是”,而大脏鸟的mean却是“卑鄙的”,“不善良的”,两个mean 当然是南辕北辙,为了上下文的衔接,我把它们分别翻译成“我的意思不是——”和“当然是你的不是……”,这样就显出了大脏鸟的恶意,又让双方的对话顺利进行下去,而不显得别扭。
还有对话里的同音词by(经过)和buy(买),sell(出售)和cell(胡同、牢房),双关语right(正确、右边)和 left(离开、左边),in other words (换句话说)和have other words(还有别的话),等等。遇到这样的词语,最重要的就是反复比较各种译法,尽可能地体现作者的智慧,又让读者清楚地了解文句的真正含义。
小米勒在漫长的旅途中经历了种种艰难和险境,他开始懂得了生活的丰富多彩,知道世界上有美丽和善良,也有正义和邪恶,光明和黑暗。最后,在空中城堡里的两位公主指引下,他终于认识到了学习知识、热爱生活的重要性,再也不是一个整天睁着眼睛,无所事事,只会浪费时光的“瞌睡虫”,而是一个愿意学习,了解世界的勤奋少年。
第一部分:怎样说英语小米勒的故事(6)
It has been a long trip; said Milo; climbing onto the couch where the princesses sat; but we would have been here much sooner if I hadn't made so many mistakes。 I'm afraid it's all my fault。
You must never feel badly about making mistakes; explained Reason quietly。 As long as you take the trouble to learn from them。 For you often learn more by being wrong for the right reasons than you do by being right for the wrong reasons。
(这是一次漫长的旅行。小米勒说着,爬上公主们坐的长睡椅。要是我们不做那么多错事,就会更快一点到这儿来。我想,这都是我不好。
只要你不辞辛劳去探索,你就绝不会因为犯错误而沮丧。真理公主平静地解释说。你因为想做好事而犯错误,比你因为错误的理由而侥幸成功,总是有益得多。)
But there's so much to learn; he said; with a thoughtful frown。
You may not see it now; said the Princess of Pure Reason; looking knowingly at Milo's puzzled face; but whatever we learn has a purpose and whatever we do affects everything and everyone else; even if in the tiniest way。 Whenever you laugh; gladness spreads like the ripples in a pond; and whenever you're sad; no one anywhere can be really happy。 And it's much the same thing with knowledge; for whenever you learn something new; the whole world bees that much richer。
(要学的东西太多了。小米勒若有所思地皱起眉头说。
你现在也许还不明白。真理公主看看小米勒疑惑的脸,她说:我们无论